Chemistry

Distance of the outermost electron(s) from the nucleus

Size of the positive nuclear charge

Ability to attract shared electron(s)

Screening effect of the inner electron(s)

Heating aluminium oxide with coke in a furnace

The electrolysis of fused aluminium oxide in cryolite

Treating cryolite with sodium hydroxide solution under pressure

Heating sodium aluminium silicate to a high temperature

high molecular mass

low molecular mass

high degree of purity

readily available

Nuclear charge increases while the outermost electron are drawn closer to the nucleus

Nuclear charge decreases while the outermost electrons are dawn closer to the nucleus

Valence electron increase across the period while the valence shell remains constant

Nucleus charge decreases while the distance of the valence shell from the nucleus is increasing